mathematicians at a glance

Apastamba Baudhayana Katyayana Manava Pāṇini Pingala Yajnavalkya Classical Āryabhaṭa I Āryabhaṭa II Bhāskara I Bhāskara II Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri Brahmadeva Brahmagupta Brihaddeshi Halayudha Jyeṣṭhadeva Mādhava of Saṅgamagrāma Mahāvīra Mahendra Sūri Munishvara Parameshvara Achyuta Pisharati Jagannatha Samrat Nilakantha Somayaji Śrīpati Sridhara Gangesha Upadhyaya Varāhamihira Sankara Variar Virasena Modern Shreeram Shankar Abhyankar A. A. Krishnaswami Ayyangar Amiya Charan Banerjee Raj Chandra Bose Satyendra Nath Bose Harish-Chandra Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar D. K. Ray-Chaudhuri Sarvadaman Chowla Narendra Karmarkar Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis Jayant Narlikar Vijay Kumar Patodi Srinivasa Ramanujan Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao S. N. Roy Sharadchandra Shankar Shrikhande Navin M. Singhi Mathukumalli V. Subbarao S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan
Treatises	Āryabhaṭīya Bakhshali manuscript Bijaganita Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta Karanapaddhati Lilāvati Lokavibhaga Paulisa Siddhanta Paitamaha Siddhanta Romaka Siddhanta Sadratnamala Siddhānta Shiromani Śulba Sūtras Surya Siddhanta Tantrasamgraha Vasishtha Siddhanta Veṇvāroha Yuktibhāṣā Yavanajataka
Centers	Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics Ujjain Yantra Mantra (Jaipur, Delhi)
Other regions	Babylonian mathematics Chinese mathematics Greek mathematics Islamic mathematics European mathematics

Karsanbhai Khodidas Patel

Karsanbhai Khodidas Patel (b. 1945, Ruppur, Mehsana, Gujarat)
Born into a farmer family from north Gujarat , Karsanbhai finished his B.Sc. in Chemistry at age 21 and worked as a lab technician, first in the New Cotton Mills, Ahmedabad, of the Lalbhai group and then at the Geology and Mining Department of the state Government. In 1980 , Karsanbhai set up Nirma, (named after daughter Nirupama) selling detergent powder. This was an after-office business - the one-man company would bicycle through the neighbourhoods selling handmade detergent packets door to door. At a price of Rs. 3 per kg, (one third the price of leading detergents), it was an instant success.
After three years, Karsanbhai felt confident enough to quit his job. Later he said, "The lack of any such precedent in my family made the venture fought with fear of failure. But farmers from North Gujarat are known for their spirit of enterprise." Karsanbhai set up shop at small workshop in an Ahmedabad suburb. The Nirma brand quickly established itself in Gujarat and Maharashtra.
The high quality and low price of the detergent made for great value. Fuelled by housewife-friendly advertisement jingles, Nirma revolutionized the detergent market, creating an entirely new segment in the economy for detergent powder. At the time, detergent and soap manufacture was dominated by multinational corporations with products like Surf by Hindustan Lever, priced around Rs. 13 per kg. Within a decade, Nirma was the largest selling detergent in India. Since production was labour intensive, Nirma also became a leading employer (employing 14,000 people 2004). Made without some phosphates, Nirma was also somewhat more environment friendly.
After establishing its leadership in economy-priced detergents, Nirma entered the premium segment, launching toilet soaps Nirma bath and Nirma beauty soap, and premium detergent Super Nirma detergent. Ventures into shampoo and toothpaste were not as successful, but the edible salt Shudh is doing well. Nirma beauty soap is one of the leading toilet soaps, behind Lifebuoy and Lux. Overall Nirma has a 20% market share in soap cakes and about 35% in detergents. Nirma also has successful operations in neighbouring countries.
In 1995, Karsanbhai started the Nirma Institute of Technology in Ahmedabad, which grew into a leading engineering college in Gujarat. An Institute of Management followed, with the entire structure being consolidated under the Nirma University of Science and Technology in 2003, overseen by the Nirma Education and Research Foundation. The Nirmalabs education project, aimed at training and incubating entrepreneurs, was launched in 2004.
Karsanbhai's two sons and son-in-law are now at leading positions in the Nirma organization: Rakesh K Patel (MBA) looks after procurement and logistics, Hiren K Patel, chemical engineer and MBA, heads marketing and finance, while Kalpesh Patel is in human resources and Healthcare Industry (Nirlife healthcare).

LOVE IS NOTHING BUT HORMONAL DISTURBANCES ONLY(ENDOCRINE DISORDERS)

If You Love Someone…;
Then Don’t Hold Back Your Feelings…
because Love is The Reason to Live..!
Love is Beautiful..? !

but for me(flint hearted person).............................

love is nothing but hormonal disturbance only.

The 3 stages of love

Helen Fisher(born in 1945) of Rutgers University in the States has proposed 3 stages of love – lust, attraction and attachment. Each stage might be driven by different hormones and chemicals.Helen E. Fisher is an American anthropologist and human behavior researcher. She has studied romantic interpersonal attraction for over thirty years

Stage 1: Lust

This is the first stage of love and is driven by the sex hormones testosterone and oestrogen – in both men and women.

Stage 2: Attraction This is the amazing time when you are truly love-struck and can think of little else. Scientists think that three main neurotransmitters are involved in this stage; adrenaline, dopamine and serotonin. Adrenaline The initial stages of falling for someone activates your stress response, increasing your blood levels of adrenalin and cortisol. This has the charming effect that when you unexpectedly bump into your new love, you start to sweat, your heart races and your mouth goes dry.

Dopamine Helen Fisher asked newly ‘love struck’ couples to have their brains examined and discovered they have high levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine. This chemical stimulates ‘desire and reward’ by triggering an intense rush of pleasure. It has the same effect on the brain as taking cocaine! Fisher suggests “couples often show the signs of surging dopamine: increased energy, less need for sleep or food, focused attention and exquisite delight in smallest details of this novel relationship” .

Serotonin

And finally, serotonin. One of love's most important chemicals that may explain why when you’re falling in love, your new lover keeps popping into your thoughts.

Stage 3: Attachment

Attachment is the bond that keeps couples together long enough for them to have and raise children. Scientists think there might be two major hormones involved in this feeling of attachment; oxytocin and vasopressin.

Oxytocin - The cuddle hormone

Oxytocin is a powerful hormone released by men and women during orgasm. 

It probably deepens the feelings of attachment and makes couples feel much closer to one another after they have had sex. The theory goes that the more sex a couple has, the deeper their bond becomes. 

Oxytocin also seems to help cement the strong bond between mum and baby and is released during childbirth. It is also responsible for a mum’s breast automatically releasing milk at the mere sight or sound of her young baby. Diane Witt, assistant professor of psychology from New York has showed that if you block the natural release of oxytocin in sheep and rats, they reject their own young. Conversely, injecting oxytocin into female rats who’ve never had sex, caused them to fawn over another female’s young, nuzzling the pups and protecting them as if they were their own.

Vasopressin
Vasopressin is another important hormone in the long-term commitment stage and is released after sex.

Vasopressin (also called anti-diuretic hormone) works with your kidneys to control thirst. Its potential role in long-term relationships was discovered when scientists looked at the prairie vole.

Prairie voles indulge in far more sex than is strictly necessary for the purposes of reproduction. They also – like humans - form fairly stable pair-bonds.

When male prairie voles were given a drug that suppresses the effect of vasopressin, the bond with their partner deteriorated immediately as they lost their devotion and failed to protect their partner from new suitors.

Literary works of A Great Patriot who told "1st war of independence" instead of 1857 sepoy mutiny

Books by Savarkar:

1. Saha Soneri Paane (translation: Six Glorious Epochs of Indian History )
2. 1857 che Svatantrya Samar
3. Hindupadpaatshahi
4. Hindutva
5. Jatyochhedak Nibandha
6. Moplyanche Banda
7. Maazi Janmathep (translation: My life imprisonment)
8. Kale Pani
9. Shatruchya Shibirat
10. Londonchi batamipatre (translation: London Newsletters)
11. Andamanchya Andheritun
12. Vidnyan nishtha Nibandha
13. Joseph Mazzini (on Giuseppe Mazzini)
14. Hindurashtra Darshan
15. Hindutvache Panchapran
16. Kamala
17. Savarkaranchya Kavita (translation: Poems by Savarkar)
18. Sanyasta Khadg

IITs OF INDIA

Name Short Name Established City/Town State/UT
IIT (BHU) Varanasi IIT(BHU) 1919 (2012‡) Varanasi Uttar Pradesh
IIT Bhubaneswar IITBBS 2008 Bhubaneswar Orissa
IIT Bombay                IITB 1958 Mumbai Maharashtra
IIT Delhi                IITD 1961 New Delhi Delhi
IIT Gandhinagar IITGN 2008 Gandhinagar Gujarat
IIT Guwahati IITG 1994 Guwahati Assam
IIT Hyderabad IITH 2008 Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh
IIT Indore IITI 2009 Indore Madhya Pradesh
IIT Kanpur IITK 1959 Kanpur Uttar Pradesh
IIT Kharagpur[6] IITKGP 1951 Kharagpur West Bengal
IIT Madras IITM 1959 Chennai Tamil Nadu
IIT Mandi         IIT Mandi 2009 Mandi Himachal Pradesh
IIT Patna         IITP 2008 Patna Bihar
IIT Jodhpur IITJ 2008 Jodhpur Rajasthan
IIT Roorkee IITR 1847 (2001‡) Roorkee Uttarakhand
IIT Ropar         IITRPR 2008 Rupnagar Punjab

QUOTES OF MOTHER TERESA

MOTHER TERESA
1)Be faithful in small things because it is in them that your strength lies. 
2)Being unwanted, unloved, uncared for, forgotten by everybody, I think that is a much greater hunger, a much greater poverty than the person who has nothing to eat. 
3)Each one of them is Jesus in disguise. 
4)Even the rich are hungry for love, for being cared for, for being wanted, for having someone to call their own. 
5)I try to give to the poor people for love what the rich could get for money. No, I wouldn't touch a leper for a thousand pounds; yet I willingly cure him for the love of God. 
6)I want you to be concerned about your next door neighbor. Do you know your next door neighbor? 
7)If we have no peace, it is because we have forgotten that we belong to each other. 
8)If you can't feed a hundred people, then feed just one. 
9)If you want a love message to be heard, it has got to be sent out. To keep a lamp burning, we have to keep putting oil in it. 
10)Intense love does not measure, it just gives. 

11 FOODS THAT LOWER CHOLESTEROL

11 foods that lower cholesterol
It’s easy to eat your way to an alarmingly high cholesterol level. The reverse is true, too — changing what you eat can lower your cholesterol and improve the fats floating through your bloodstream.  In particular, you can lower your “bad” cholesterol (LDL cholesterol)—the harmful cholesterol-carrying particle that contributes to artery-clogging atherosclerosis—with a two-pronged strategy: Add foods that lower LDL, and cut back on foods that boost LDL. Without both steps, you are engaging in a holding action instead of a steady victory.
In with the good
Different foods lower cholesterol in various ways. Some deliver soluble fiber, which binds cholesterol in the digestive system and drags them out of the body before they get into your circulation. Foods with polyunsaturated fats directly lower LDL. And foods that contain plant sterols and stanols block the body from absorbing cholesterol.
Oats. An easy first step to improving your cholesterol is having a bowl of oatmeal or cold oat-based cereal like Cheerios for breakfast. It gives you 1 to 2 grams of soluble fiber. Add a banana or some strawberries for another half-gram. Current nutrition guidelines recommend getting 20 to 35 grams of fiber a day, with at least 5 to 10 grams coming from soluble fiber.
Barley and other whole grains. Like oats and oat bran, barley and other whole grains can help lower the risk of heart disease, mainly via the soluble fiber they deliver.
Beans. Beans are especially rich in soluble fiber. They also take awhile for the body to digest, meaning you feel full for longer after a meal. That’s one reason beans are a useful food for folks trying to lose weight.
Eggplant and okra. These two low-calorie vegetables are good sources of soluble fiber.
Nuts. A bushel of studies shows that eating almonds, walnuts, peanuts, and other nuts is good for the heart. Eating 2 ounces of nuts a day can slightly lower LDL, on the order of 5%.
Vegetable oils. Using liquid vegetable oils such as canola, sunflower, safflower, and others in place of butter, lard, or shortening when cooking or at the table helps lower LDL.
Apples, grapes, strawberries, citrus fruits. These fruits are rich in pectin, a type of soluble fiber that lowers LDL.
Foods fortified with sterols and stanols. Sterols and stanols extracted from plants gum up the body’s ability to absorb cholesterol from food. Companies are adding them to foods ranging from margarine and granola bars to orange juice and chocolate. They’re also available as supplements. Getting 2 grams of plant sterols or stanols a day can lower LDL cholesterol by about 10%.
Soy. Eating soybeans and foods made from them, like tofu and soy milk is a modest way to lower cholesterol. Consuming 25 grams of soy protein a day (10 ounces of tofu or 2½ cups of soy milk) can lower LDL by 5% to 6%.
Fatty fish. Eating fish two or three times a week can lower LDL in two ways: by replacing meat, which has LDL-boosting saturated fats, and by delivering LDL-lowering omega-3 fats.
Fiber supplements. Supplements offer the least appealing way to get soluble fiber. Two teaspoons a day of psyllium, which is found in Metamucil and other bulk-forming laxatives, provide about 4 grams of soluble fiber.
Out with the bad
Harmful LDL creeps upward and protective HDL drifts downward largely because of diet and other lifestyle choices. Genes play a role, too — some people are genetically programmed to respond more readily to what they eat — but genes aren’t something you can change. Here are four things you can:
Saturated fats. One way to lower your LDL is to cut back on saturated fat. Try substituting extra-lean ground beef for regular; low-fat or skim milk for whole milk; olive oil or a vegetable-oil margarine for butter; baked fish or chicken for fried.
Trans fats. Trans fats boost LDL as much as saturated fats do. They also lower protective HDL, rev up inflammation, and increase the tendency for blood clots to form inside blood vessels. The Institute of Medicine recommends getting no more than two grams of trans fats a day; less is even better. Although trans fats were once ubiquitous in prepared foods, many companies now use trans-free alternatives. Some restaurants and fast-food chains have yet to make the switch.
Weight and exercise. Being overweight and not exercising affect fats circulating in the bloodstream. Excess weight boosts harmful LDL, while inactivity depresses protective HDL. Losing weight if needed and exercising more reverse these trends.
Putting it all together
Adding several foods that fight high cholesterol in different ways should work better than focusing on one or two.This means expanding the variety of foods you usually put in your shopping cart and getting used to new textures and flavors. But it’s a “natural” way to lower cholesterol, and it avoids the risk of side effects from cholesterol-lowering drugs.
November 2009 update


Click to enlarge What to do About High Cholesterol
In recent decades, the “cholesterol is bad” message has had a remarkable impact on our health. What to Do About High Cholesterol will give you the facts about good and bad cholesterol and triglycerides—where they come from, what they do inside your body and the arteries of your heart, and what to do when your levels are off kilter. It also describes the NCEP’s recommendations for evaluating your risk for heart disease and suggests ways to work with your doctor to reduce cholesterol by developing a treatment plan tailored to your particular risk level. Read more